Algoritmisasi Komunikasi dan Krisis Privasi: Tinjauan Mengenai Kapitalisme Pengawasan di Media Sosial
Putri Sriyati
ID
Halik Halik
ID
Authors
- (1)Universitas Gajah Putih
- (2)Universitas Jabal Ghafur
- Putri Sriyati — Corresponding author
Abstract
Massive data extraction by social media platforms has transformed private communication activities into a primary economic commodity under the regime of surveillance capitalism. This study critically analyzes the phenomenon of systemic privacy erosion and the algorithmization of communication through the lenses of political economy and the sociology of surveillance. Employing a critical literature review method, this study integrates the theoretical frameworks of Nick Srnicek (platform capitalism), José van Dijck (platform society), David Lyon (surveillance culture), Virginia Eubanks (automating inequality), and Evgeny Morozov (critique of digital solutionism). The findings indicate that privacy crisis is neither merely a technical ethical failure nor a corporate moral accident, but rather a structural necessity of the platform business model that demands behavioral commodification for capital accumulation. User consent, constructed through complex policy language, functions as manufactured consent, while addictive platform architectures normalize participatory surveillance in daily life.
Abstrak
Ekstraksi data secara masif oleh platform media sosial telah mentransformasi aktivitas komunikasi pribadi menjadi komoditas ekonomi utama dalam rejim kapitalisme pengawasan. Penelitian ini menganalisis secara kritis fenomena erosi sistemik privasi dan algoritmisasi komunikasi melalui tinjauan ekonomi-politik serta sosiologi pengawasan. Menggunakan metode kajian pustaka kritis (critical literature review), kajian ini mengintegrasikan pemikiran teoretis Nick Srnicek (platform capitalism), José van Dijck (platform society), David Lyon (surveillance culture), Virginia Eubanks (automating inequality), dan Evgeny Morozov (kritik atas digital solutionism). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa erosi privasi bukanlah sekadar kegagalan etika teknis atau kecelakaan moral korporasi, melainkan kebutuhan struktural dari model bisnis platform yang menuntut komodifikasi perilaku demi akumulasi modal. Persetujuan pengguna (user consent) yang dikonstruksikan melalui bahasa kebijakan yang kompleks berfungsi sebagai bentuk persetujuan yang dimanufaktur (manufactured consent), sementara arsitektur platform yang adiktif menormalisasi pengawasan partisipatif (participatory surveillance) dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Keywords
Algoritmisasi KomunikasiKrisis PrivasiKapitalisme PengawasanMedia SosialReferences
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